近日，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)生物學(xué)課題組在甘藍(lán)型油菜磷營(yíng)養(yǎng)高效研究領(lǐng)域取得新的進(jìn)展，相關(guān)成果以“Local and systemic responses conferring acclimation of Brassica napus roots to low phosphorus conditions”為題發(fā)表在Journal of Experimental Botany上。   　　甘藍(lán)型油菜（Brassica napus L.）是我國(guó)主要的油料作物之一，需磷量大且對(duì)缺磷極為敏感。局部施磷不僅能夠減少土壤對(duì)磷的固定，還能促進(jìn)作物根系的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育，提高磷的吸收效率，增加產(chǎn)量。根系響應(yīng)外界磷供應(yīng)的調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)包括依賴(lài)介質(zhì)中磷濃度的局部信號(hào)調(diào)控和依賴(lài)植株整體磷水平的系統(tǒng)信號(hào)調(diào)控。甘藍(lán)型油菜是異源四倍體作物，由于其遺傳背景復(fù)雜，有關(guān)其響應(yīng)局部供磷的分子機(jī)制研究較少。   　　本研究在瓊脂培養(yǎng)體系中利用分根試驗(yàn)?zāi)M土壤局部供磷環(huán)境，分析油菜根構(gòu)型對(duì)局部供磷的響應(yīng)，結(jié)果表明局部供磷促進(jìn)供磷一側(cè)根系二級(jí)側(cè)根生長(zhǎng)，但抑制缺磷一側(cè)根系二級(jí)側(cè)根生長(zhǎng)，油菜根構(gòu)型的改變主要受系統(tǒng)磷信號(hào)的調(diào)控。利用轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序解析了油菜響應(yīng)磷饑餓的局部和系統(tǒng)信號(hào)調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)，其中參與系統(tǒng)調(diào)控的基因顯著多于參與局部調(diào)控的基因，脫落酸、茉莉酸、活性氧和蔗糖等均參與系統(tǒng)磷饑餓響應(yīng)。該研究為揭示作物根系可塑性的分子和生理機(jī)制提供了新的見(jiàn)解。   　　博士研究生李亞林為論文第一作者，石磊教授為通訊作者，課題組王創(chuàng)教授、丁廣大教授、徐芳森教授、汪社亮副教授、蔡紅梅副教授、英國(guó)雷丁大學(xué)John P. Hammond教授、英國(guó)詹姆斯·赫頓研究所Philip J. White教授、澳大利亞塔斯馬尼亞大學(xué)Sergey Shabala教授、佛山科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院喻敏教授以及我校博士研究生楊鑫宇、劉海疆、汪威也參與了該項(xiàng)研究。該研究得到了國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金和國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目的資助。   　　【英文摘要】   　　Due to the non-uniform distribution of inorganic phosphate （Pi） in the soil, plants modify their root architecture to improve acquisition of this nutrient. In this study, a split-root system was employed to assess the nature of local and systemic signals that modulate root architecture of Brassica napus grown with non-uniform Pi availability. Lateral root （LR） growth was regulated systemically by non-uniform Pi distribution, by increasing the second-order LR （2°LR） density in compartments with high Pi supply but decreasing it in compartments with low Pi availability. Transcriptomic profiling identified groups of genes regulated, both locally and systemically, by Pi starvation. The number of systemically induced genes was greater than the number of genes locally induced, and included genes related to abscisic acid （ABA） and jasmonic acid （JA） signalling pathways, reactive oxygen species （ROS） metabolism, sucrose, and starch metabolism. Physiological studies confirmed the involvement of ABA, JA, sugars, and ROS in the systemic Pi starvation response. Our results reveal the mechanistic basis of local and systemic responses of B. napus to Pi starvation and provide new insights into the molecular and physiological basis of root plasticity.   　　論文鏈接：https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erac177